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This book presents a collection of short biographies and works of the pioneers in pathology, together with a brief history of the European Society of Pathology and the New York Pathological Society. Detailed information is provided on the development and current status of immunohistochemistry, light microscopy and dry preparations in medical education. The alphabetically arranged entries allow readers to quickly and easily find the information they need.

Pathology. --- Medicine—History. --- History of Medicine.

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This book is an annotated translation of Xu Shuwei’s (1080–1154) collection of 90 medical case records – Ninety Discussions of Cold Damage Disorders (shanghan jiushi lun 傷寒九十論) – which was the first such collection in China. The translation reveals patterns of social as well as medical history. This book provides the readers with a distinctive first hand perspective on twelfth-century medical practice, including medical aspects, such as nosology, diagnosis, treatment, and doctrinal reasoning supporting them. It also presents the social aspect of medical practice, detailing the various participants in the medical encounter, their role, the power relations within the encounter, and the location where the encounter occurred. Reading the translation of Xu’s cases allows the readers high-resolution snapshots of medicine and medical practice as reflected from the case records documented by this leading twelfth-century physician. The detailed introduction to the translation contextualizes Xu’s life and medical practice in the broader changes of this transformative era.

Medicine—History. --- History. --- Medicine, Chinese. --- History of Medicine. --- History of Science. --- Traditional Chinese Medicine.

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This book reproduces and comments John Woodall’s handbook which was used as standard text for medical treatment at sea in the seventeenth century and was the first instruction for medical service aboard on the whole. In 1612 the East India Company, founded in London 1600 and invested with special royal privileges and authority, appointed John Woodall as its first surgeon-general, who had gained great medical experience at theatres of war abroad. Woodall was appointed the task to radically reform the medical aid on sailing ships and to supervise the education of talented ship doctors. He was the first one to establish standardized regulations concerning the provision of instruments and medicaments on board. To this end he wrote an instructive manual for ship surgeons with the title “The Surgions Mate”, published in 1617 in London and edited repeatedly until 1655, listing essential instruments and remedies for the use at sea and providing detailed annotations. The manual’s particularities include notes on the portion of paracelsian drugs, the first enema of tobacco, the treatment of gunshot wounds and the strong recommendation of lemon juice against scurvy. Moreover, descriptions of injuries, instruments, and many diseases as a result of Woodall’s extended personal observations at sea are given. The present edition of this exceptional classic includes comprehensive annotations on the first medical chest and its application on sailing ships. Also, the implications of Woodall’s achievements in regard to the development of ship medicine and pharmacy in other seafaring nations are discussed. The book will appeal to historians of medicine and interested readers alike.

Medicine. --- Medicine --- Medicine & Public Health. --- History of Medicine. --- History. --- Surgery --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Medicine—History.

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This book reconnects health and thought, as the two were treated together in the seventeenth century, and by reuniting them, it adds a significant dimension to our historical understanding. Indeed, there is hardly a single early modern figure who took a serious interest in one but not the other, with their attitudes toward body-mind interaction often revealed in acts of self-diagnosis and experimentation. The essays collected here specifically reveal the way experiment and especially self-experiment, combined with careful attention to the states of mind which accompany states of body, provide a new means of assessing attitudes to body-mind interactions just as they show the abiding interest and relevance of source material typically ignored by historians of science and historians of philosophy. In the surviving records of such experimenting on one’s own body, we can observe leading figures like Francis Bacon, Robert Boyle and Robert Hooke, deliberately setting out to repeat pleasurable, or intellectually productive moods and states of mind, by applying the same medicine on successive occasions. In this way we can witness theories of the working of the human mind being developed by key members of an urban culture (London; interregnum Oxford) who based those theories in part on their own regular, long-term use of self-administered, mind-altering substances. It is hardly an overstatement to claim that there was a significant drug culture in the early modern period linked to self-experimentation, new medicines, and the new science. This is one of the many things this volume has to teach us.

Medicine --- Philosophy. --- Health Workforce --- History. --- Science—Philosophy. --- Science—History. --- Medicine—History. --- History of Science. --- Philosophical and Historical Foundations of Science. --- History of Medicine. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history

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This volume explores the history of epidemiology from the mid-twentieth century to the present. Epidemiology has exerted major influence on the way that both infectious and chronic diseases are conceptualized and controlled, and, more generally, on the way that people in modern societies think about health, behavior, longevity, and risk. This collection consists of a series of in-depth analyses of the roots, development, and impact of epidemiological research, illuminating the complex relationship between medical research and data on the one hand, and social and cultural factors on the other. The thematical and geographical scope of the book ranges from indigenous and participant perspectives to the visualization of pandemics, and from Circumpolar North to East Africa. The book identifies significant historical changes and the driving forces behind them, charting forms of science-society interaction that characterize modern epidemiology. Chapter 1 and chapter 4 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com. Heini Hakosalo is a Senior Research Fellow in the History of Sciences and Ideas at the University of Oulu, Finland. She specializes in the history of medicine and health and has published on the histories of brain sciences, medical education, tuberculosis, birth cohort studies, and the relationship between urban planning and epidemics. She is the co-editor of In Pursuit of Healthy Environments: Lessons from Historical Cases on the Environment-Health Nexus (2021). Katariina Parhi works as a Post-doctoral Researcher at the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence in the History of Experiences at Tampere University, Finland. Her publications deal with the history of psychiatry, social control, and cohort studies, and include two Finnish-language books on the history of psychopathy and history of drug treatment systems, respectively. Annukka Sailo is a Post-doctoral Researcher in the History of Sciences and Ideas at the University of Oulu, Finland. She has studied the history of post-war social and behavioral sciences, focusing on US debates on territorial aggression, and is currently researching the connection between urban planning and epidemiology in history.

Science—History. --- Medicine—History. --- Europe—History. --- History, Modern. --- History of Science. --- History of Medicine. --- European History. --- Modern History. --- Modern history --- World history, Modern --- World history